Combined land and water vehicle or craft.



A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYL.

COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

' APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31. W10.

A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYL.

COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

. APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31.1910. 1 1,180,013. Patented Apr. 18, 191%).

I5 SHEETS-SHEFT 2- A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYL.

JIOMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED ON. 31. 1910.

1 1 80,0 1 3 Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

I5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

l i l m i A. E. COOK &- T. VAN TUYL.

COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 3h I910.

Patented Apr. 18, 1916 I5 SHEETS-SHEET 4- A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYL.

CUMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. 31. 1910.

1 1 86,0 1 3 Patented Apr. 18, 1-916.

15 sHEETs-sHEET' 5.

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A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYL.

COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 31. 1910.

1 180,01 3. Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

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A E. COOK QT. VAN TUYL. comsmso LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATJION FILED OCT- 31,1910. 1,1,U13. Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 7- f/rrraskwjuyl A j:y.

A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYL.

COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31. 1910,,

.Patented Apr. 18, 1916..

15 SHEETS-SHEET 8- EEEEE A. E. COOK & T. VAN- TUYL. COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE R CRAFT.

. APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31, IQIO- 1,1,013. Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

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COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31. 1.910.

Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

15 SHEETS 6P2 I was ,7

moms.

A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYL.

comsmso LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R cam.

.APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31. 1910- I 1, 18%] 3. Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

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' A. E. cook M. VAN TUYL. I COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

7 APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31. I9).

Patented. Apr. 18, 1916.

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A. E. COOK & T. VAN TUYLL COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-31.1910.

" Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

l5 SHEETS-SHEET 13- Qm HMWNNNW H VIE E. COOK m. VAN TUYL. COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 31.1910.

Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

I5 SHEETS-SHEET 1'4- A. E. COOK 81 T. VAN TUYL. COMBINED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE 0R CRAFT.

.PPHCATION FILED OCT-31.1910.

Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

15 SHEETS-SHEET I5- UNITED STATES PATENT orrrorz.

.ALBERTE. coon, or onE oLT, IOWA. AND THOMAS van urn, on KANLKAKEE,

' ILLINOIS; sn n VAN UYL ASSIGNOR To SAID ooo COMIBHTED LAND AND WATER VEHICLE OR CRAFT.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ALBERT E. C001: and- THoMAs VAN'TUYL, citizens of the United States, and residents of the city of Odebolt, county of Sac,.and State of Iowa, and Kankakee, county of Kankakee, and State of Illinois, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Land and Water Vehicles or Craft; and we do hereby declare that the following is a --full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the numbers of referusefulness of which, whether for pleasure ence marked thereon, which 15 form a part of this 'specificationx Large numbers of automobiles of various 1 kinds and types are now in use for almost every variety of purpose and use, including pleasure-vehicles, trucl s,jand the like, for

which good roadsare a necessity and the or'for commerce is largely dependent upon and limited to the character of the roadway.

Little progress has, however, been made either for pleasure or for military use in the gdevelopment and construction of a motor vehicle capable of operation in situations where good roads do not exist or in the wilderness where unbridged lakes and rivers arefound which must be crossed to avoid long detours.

' tomobiles have been driven for shorter or longer distances through the more sparsely inhabited parts of the world and through regions where good roads are hardly found.

These are instances, however, of extreme hardihood on the part of the operator and have not been followed as a rule by the use of the same or a similar car in similar excursions. To the huntsman. and others who seek the wilds, the automobile as heretofore surfaces upoii which the ordinary automobile would be unableto travel.

Specification of Letters Patent.

True, in a few instances, as feats of extreme hardihood and daring, au;

PatentedApr. 18, 1916.

Application filed October 31, 1910. Serial No. 589,888.

It is also an object of the invention to afford an automobile adapted for the use of hunters and others in regions remote from good roads and to operate either upon the land or in the water with equal facility..

It 1s a further object of the invention to afford a combined automobile and boat of the class described, so constructed as to permit the length of. the vehicle to be readily increased for water use. v 7

It is a further object of the invention to afford "an automobile boat provided with air compartments at one or both ends. thereof and adaptedto be extended to increase the length of the "ehicle when in the water. It is further an object of the invention to provide an automobile having extensible end sections affording air compartments and act'- ing to increase the buoyancy when the vehicle is used as a boat. g It is a further object of the invention to alford a cellular structure for the main body or hull, so constructed as to afford a double sheathing or lining at the bottom and sides of the hull or body, having air chambers therebetween, said cellular structure or air I chambers acting to increase buoyancy when in the water.

Another important object of our invention is to provide wheels for the vehicle so constructed as to insureproper propulsion in mud or other soft material and also to afford propelling and steering means when the craft is on the water, and also to afford in connection with such wheels, a propeller capable of being driven simultaneously with the wheels or independently thereof.

A further and important objectof the invention is to provide a construction in which Another object of the invention is aftimes and in which a differential ford a pump adapted for use either as a bilge pump when afloat or for hydrostatically extending and holding the end sections of the vehicle extended.

' .It is a further object of the invention to afford an exceedingly powerful, yet simple,

, chambers, one or more on each side of the vehicle, which serve as mud guards or fenders when in use upon the land, and serve as air chambers or air or gasreservoirs when on the water, and also to afford in one or both sides of the boat a downwardly folding section to permit ready entrance or exit from the boat or automobile and to provide steps on said folding sections which swing downwardly when the section is swung to open position and which fall closed by gravity when said side section is turned upwardly toclose the side of the car or vehicle.

The numerous other objects of-said invention will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and more fully set forth and defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a device embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a top .plan view thereof. Fig. 3

.is a reduced side elevation similar to Fig.

1, but with the end sections extended as when used as a boat. Fig. is a top plan view of the same. F ig."5 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view partly; in section and with the floor removed, to show the engine and driving connections on line 5-5 of Fig.

8. Fig. 6 is a. section-on line 6-6 of '5. Fig. 7 is an enlarged rear elevation showing the extensible portion of the body retracted. 'Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 8--8 of Fig". 2. F 9 is an enlarged front elevation .of the same. F ig. 10 is an en-l larged section on line 1010 of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 1s an-enlarged section on line 1 1'-11 of Fig. 8. Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary section on line 12-12 of Fig. 8. Fig. 13 is a section on line 13-43 of Fig; "5 and showing oneof the frontsprings in elevation. Fig. 14 is an enlarged viewinelevation of the downfolding side sections and steps thereon. Fig. 15 is an enlarged section on. line 1 515'of Fig.8. F' 16 is an enlarged section on line 16-46 0 Fig. 8. Fig. 17 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section showing a single propeller installation. Fig. 18 is a fragmentary section on line 1818 of Fig. 17. Fig. 19 is a fragmentary sectionon line 1919 of Fig. 17.-

Fig. 20 is a. section taken on line 2020 of Fig. 17. Fig.21 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken through one mentary View of the inner face of the rim of the wheel shown in Fig: 21, and illustrates J a rectangular boss adapted to look a propelling blade in adjusted position. Fig. 23,

1s a top plan view of a propeller blade and illustrates a rectangular recess adapted to receive a corresponding rectangular projection upon the rim so that the blade may be locked in adjusted position. Fig. 2 4 is a section on line 24.24'of Fig. 21. Fig.2?) is a fragmentary section of a wheel, showing the same equipped with removable propel-- ling blades only on one side thereof. "Fig. 26 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating one construction .permitting the length I of the body to be-varied. Fig. 27 is an enlarged fragmentary detailedsection illusf v trating the construction of the water-tight joints between sections, as shown in Fig. 26. Fig. 28 is an enlarged sectional view. of one of the joints in the-sectional telescoping,

pressure pipe for actuating the extensible.

sections shown in Fig. 26.. Fig. 29 is an enlarged detail section illustrating the constructionof the double hull and the re-' a fragmentary rear elevation-partly in sec-' tion of the outboard bearings for the twin screw propellers. Fig. 34 is a fragmentary central longitudinal section illustrating a hinged and inwardly folding extension member. Fig. 35 is a top. plan view of the same. Fig..' 36 'is a section on line- 3636 of Fig. 35. Fig. 37 is an enlarged sectional view of the shifting -mechanism for the front driving transmission.- Fig. 38 is a section on line 38'38 of Fig. 37. Fig. 39 is a section on line 39-39 of 'Fig. 37. Fig. 40 is an enlarged-side elevation of the shifting mech' anism for the single screw.

Fig.- 30 isa similar section in As shown in the drawings, said invention includes an automobile body or hull of the torpedo type, front and rear extensible sections affording air chambers, laterally dis-' posed air chambers affording mud guards and increasing lateral stability when'afloat.

a motor positioned centrally and substan tially below the load water line when afloat, independent driving connections to each of said wheels, a propeller or propellers for use wheels for dr ving the vehicle'upon the land and constructed to propel in mud or water,

independently of the wheels when afloat, a

central disposed steering and controllingmechanism, a pump connected for service as tially integrally by electric welding or bya bilge pump and also should it be required to hydraulically or pneumatically operate some of the extensible sections.

.The body orhull proper is constructed of pressed sheet metal to afford an outer sheathing-or skin 1, which may beconstructed in any suitable sections and united substanriyeting to afford a watertight hull or body,- within which is fitted (an inner skin .ior

sheathing or lining 2', conforming thereto and spaced therefrom and united therewith by means of an inner reinforcing lining which may be corrugated sheet metal, as

shown in Figs. 5, 6, 17 and '26, of the draw' ings, the corrugations of which extend. around said body transversely to aflord closely arranged strengthening ribs, and a multiplicity of independent air'chambers around the bottom and sides of the. body and extending also around what may be termed the hood or forward deck of a boat.

The outer. and inner sheathing and the .innerreinforcing corrugated lining are all r1g1dlyumted together to afford practically aunitary structure of cellular type. These corrugations may be in'the form indicated inthefigures beforereferred to, including Fig. 31, 'that is to say, with V shapedcorrugations, or a's'shownin Fig. 29, in which th icorrugated; sheet 1,- is bent successively at a" right angle or if preferred, ribs 5. comprising'flattened tubes may be rigidly se-l curedzby' riveting orotherwise between the outer and inner slcin'orshe'athing, as shown in-Fig..3O-.- '1The constructions mentioned Zenable the external I and internal sheathing of thejb dv to :be made extremely light and "at the {aniel time ialfor'dgreat. strength and buoyancy andalsofefiicient protection from puncturing' fand-lconsequent leaking when inent, are constructed jzof any suitable tough and strong "sheet: metal; or alloy possessing great tensile strength". and preferably of a afloatl 7 3 th the'zjinilerand outer sheathing; or

sln'n' and; the '1n'ternal. lining orreinforc'e material such as abrOiize alloy or aluminum alloy whichfwill' not' require painting. Said I body is shaped at its front to aifo'rdafsub- I- stantially circular hood'end around which said reinforcement may extend, as shown in Fig. 8, and from a point in advance of, and

also atfthe rear of the front axleare sheet metal bulkheads Sand 7, and from a point "intermediate said bulkheads the top of said 1 body extends upwardly and rearwardlyto afford a turtleback deck 8, which extends to a 'dash.9, or combing, which extends above the same sufliciently to protect the occupants of the body orhull from spray or wash.v

The rear end of' the body or hull may be substantially as before described with refer: ence to the front end but conveniently and at the rear of theirear axle, thebody inclines upwardly at the' bottom and rearwardly, then slightly downwardly to afford 'a substantially flat floor 10, at the rear of the propelling means and at a point at the rear of the rear axle is provided a transverse bulkhead '11, thus affording an after air compartment of large capacity.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and'8, the top or upper wall of said after air chamber extends obliquely down .to prevent the stern or rear end of the hull from settling when running at speed in the water. Any suitable means may be provided for securing said'rear extension 12, in extended position. For this purpose bolts may be used, if desired, which extend through the rear lower angle of the rear airchamber at the rear end of the body, and engage in the 1 wall of the rear extension air chamber when in extended" position. One of said bolts 13, is shown in Fig. 3, though any other suitable means for securing said extension air chamber in. position. may be employed. Telescoping in the otherwise open front end of- ,the body and in the compartment of the bulkhead 6, are telescoping sections 1d, 15,

and 16, each of-Which .is circular in cross section and slightly tapered. These nest together within the forward end-or hood end I of the body and afford, when extended, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 26, a succession of airand watertight compartments which greatly extendxthe length of the body and sections with the next succeeding rear section' orlwith the body. For-this purpose, as shown in Figs. 8, 26 and 27, an annular band is secured around each of said air chambers 14 and 15, on the inner side thereof and near the middle of the same and likewise in the inner lining 2, of the open ended hood; The forward edge of said annular band is turned inwardly and rearwardly to afi'ord a rearwardly directed flange 17 and in the annular pocket thus formed is pro increase buoyancy'and stability of thecraft ,when' used in the water. A tight ]011'1t 1S proyided'at the rear end of each of said vided a packing 19, of rubber or any suitable I material. Rigidly secured on the rear end of each of said sections is a forwardly dished or concave head 20, the periphery of which projects beyond the walls of the section, as shown. in Figs. 26 and 27, and is bent forwardly to afford a flange 21, which fits into said recess back of the flange 18, and bears against the packing ring 19, thereby afi'ordmg a water and air tight seal. Any suitable i either at the 'frontor the -rear end of the means may be provided for drawing or forcing said sections outwardly. In the construction shown inFigs. 8 and 26, hydraulic or ptneumatic means are employed as here ina er described, though conveniently said extension sections 'may be constructed for independent removal from the open end of the body, and secured in extended position in any suitable manner, and, of course, any

required number of said extension members may be employed to afford the requisite longitudinal extension for speed and comfort.

If desired, and for craft of a smaller size,

a fold1ng section similar to that shown in" FIgS. 34L. to 36. inclusive, may be employed,

automobile or craft. In this construction shown, the end to which said extension is to be secured is provlded with a recess in its top complemental with said folding air chambef extension 22, and the outer end wall of said recess or chamber'is extended upwardly approximately half the height of 'the end and is hinged transversely to the suitably for that purpose. When not in'use' upon the water, it is folded back into the i recess inthe end of the automobile body and i when extended may be'secured in place by any locking means suitable for the purpose.

- Said extension or chamber is rigidly secured in its extended position by means of a I bracket or strap 23, which'is boltedto the under or inner side thereof and to the under side or endof the automobile body, as shown 7 in Fig. 34. When in use in extended position upon the water, any suitable covering device may be employed to close the recess therefor in the automobile body to. prevent access of spray or water. thereto. Other constructions for extending the length of the body when going into the water, will readily suggest themselves.

Laterally'disposed'air chambers 24 extend longitudinally of thevehicle body and'over the wheels and serve at their ends as mud guards when the vehicle is upon land, and

serve to insure great lateral stability when afloat. These air chambers'also serve a very important purpose in affording storage tanks for air or gas under high pressure to be used for any purpose required, among wh ch may be considered the starting of the shown, the body of the'vehic e at each end and below the ends of said air chamber or mud guards, is recessed to receive the wheels,

and extending upwardly. and outwardly therefrom the outer sheathing or skin of the body affords attachment for an outwardly I and downwardly directed plate 25, the edges v of which are riveted, 'welded, brazed or otherwise secured ;to the wall of the body to afford air chambers, adapted, if preferred, to inclose the chambers 24, therein, as shown in Fig. 16.

As shown, a downwardly folding section 26, affording accessto the operating seats and tonneau or rear seats of the body, is hinged to the body at a point not far from the load water line .when afloat, and fits closely therein, as shown in Figs. 1 to, 4 inclusive. As shown, a continuous hinge is afiorded along the meeting edges of said hinged section 26, and the automobile body, and a recess 27, is provided on the inner side of, and along said hinge to receive any suitable resilient packing such as rubber, the compression of which, when said hinged section is secured in closed position, prevents leaking along the hinge, and also, of

course, similar or any suitable packing material is provided betweenthe ends of said hinged section and the body to prevent leaking around the ends of said hinged section as wellas at the bottom. These are not shown at the ends to avoid confusion. This construction provides six independent and individual air chambers, one at each end of the body and two on each side thereof, and one in each of said hinged sections. The three .lateral chambers on each side of the body, however, afford a succession of practically continuous air chambers on each side of the body .which may be normally above load water line, or the central chamber may be at load water line. These lateral chamhers act to greatly extend the width of the body and to prevent rolling, capsizing or Y sinking. Said six air chambers so described and the permanently inclosed air chambers in the bow cient in capacity in themselves to insure flotation with full equipment and passengers even should the craft fill when afloat.

'As shown in Fig. 14, a latch 28, is provided on the inner side at each end of and near the upper edge of each hinged section to engage and lock the same in closed tion. Pivotally'engaged on the inner si e of said. hinged section 26, as shown in- Figs. 6 and 10,- are steps, two series of the same being shown at opposite ends thereof to permit'the passengers to enter to the seats when said side sections are folded outwardly and downwardly. Said steps 29, are pivotally engaged on the inner side of said hinged and stern of the craft are Sllfi'.

osi- I I position to afford substantially horizontal surfaces when the hinged section is turned down. Within the body of the vehicle, a relatively broad front operating seat 30, and rear seat 31, extend transversely the car or boat. For the purpose of positioning the center of gravity of the car and boat as low as possible and to correctly balance the boat when in the water,v either with the end'sections extended or when retracted, the engine or motor 32, shown, is positioned centrally and in the bottom of the body, and is of a multiple cylinder, horizontal center fire type; that is to say, said engine or motor comprises connected cylinders, each having a crank shaft 33, journaled at the outer ends of the cylinder in crank cases. The engine is of a type in which the pair of pistons in each individual cylinder reciprocates at all times oppositely and in which the impulse is afforded by compressing and firing the charge at approximately the middle of the cylinder and between the pistons, thus driving the pistons outwardly in the, cylinders and driving each of the shafts 33, simultaneously and equally thereby and in the same direction. Secured on each end of each of said crank shafts is a driving friction wheel 34, as shown, with the driving faces thereof directed toward the ends of the body. These also, of course, serve as balance wheels, and inasmuch as they are four in number, may be made comparatively light without detracting from their value as balance wheels, inasmuch as the four collectivcly need not weigh much more thanthe single balance wheel ordinarily used on such engines or motors. This construction and arrangement permits each of the automobile wheels to be driven independently, as will hereinafter be more fully explained.

Near the front end of the body, and between the bulkheads 6 and 7, is afiorded a compartment through which extends the front axle 35, and a corresponding. transverse compartment near the rear end of the body is provided with a rear axle 36. The body is supported on said axles 35 and 36, by means of strong half elliptical springs 37, which extend longitudinally the body in the compartment therefor, as shown 1n Fig. 13, for the front springs, which consist of a sheet metal casing 38, inclosing the rearwardly directed ends ofthe springs,

and opening into the axle compartment between the bulkheads 6 and 7. The upper leaves of said springs are secured above the axle to the walls of said chamber and to the body, as shown inFig. 13, .or in any suitable manner to support the weight of the body on said axle. Said springs may, of course, if desired be coil springs instead of. elliptical or half elliptical springs, in which event, of course, the lower endsof the coil spring will be supported on the axle, and

the body supported on the upper end thereopening through the bulkheads to permit leakage into the body of the vehicle.

The wheel stubs'39, are journaled to swing horizontally. on the pivot bolts 40, which extend vertically through the yoke ends 41, of the front axle 35. The front automobile wheels are, as shown, of metallic construction, though, of course,'not necessarily so, and are provided with a central hub 42, having a relatively large internal diameter and in which are any suitable ball, roller or other anti-friction bearings 43-44, as shown in Fig. 21, whereby said wheel is journaled on the spindle or stub 39.

' Each of the spindles on the front axle is integral with the steering knuckle 45, as shown'in Fig. 1, from which, and extending rearwardly therefrom,1as shown in Fig. 5,

one arm 46, of the steering knuckle is con-' steering knuckle for the opposite wheel by means of the rod 48, all shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5. The other arm of said steernected with a corresponding arm 47 on the y ing knuckle 49, projects transversely of the.

body and is engaged by means of a rod 50,

which extendsthrough the spring compartment 38, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5,

and is provided with a gland 51, to prevent leakage. -The'rear end of said rod is engaged on a steering arm 52, secured on a shaft 53, journaled transversely of the body, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, with which is connected any suitable mechanism for rotating said shaft 53. For example, a worm gear may be rigidly secured on the shaft 53, and

a worm secured on the steering staff 55,

meshing therewith, all of-which of whatsoever construction is inclosed within the mechanisms for the purpose may be used.

Said steering staff, and thereby the staff 53, to turn the wheels out of their plane are rotated bythe steering wheel 57, on

the extremity of said steering staff 55, as

shown in Fig. 6. Said vfront wheels are driven internally. For this purpose, as rim 58, is bolted or otherwise rigidly secured concentric with the hubon the .inner side: .the wheel and a bracket 59, is bolted or-rig fshown, an annular internally geared idly secured on the knuckle to, extend upwardly and within said rim, andisfprovided T with a stud 60, rigidly secured thereon and projecting inwardly. Secured on said stud by means of'ball bearings is a coupling 30 a 

